The Maltese islands were first settled in 5200 BC by stone age farmers who had arrived from the nearby, much larger island of Sicily, possibly the Sicani who were the only known tribe to be inhabiting the island at this time. The Sicani are generally regarded to be related to the Iberians . During 3500 BC, these people built the oldest free-standing structures and oldest religious structures in the world, in the form of the megalithic Ggantija temples on Gozo, other early temples include those at Hagar Qim and Mnajdra. Around 700 BC, there was Ancient Greek culture on Malta, especially around the area of Valletta.A century later the natives were joined on the island by Phoenician traders, who used the islands as an outpost for their trade route explorations from the east Mediterranean Sea across to Cornwall.

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